Novel device and method for treatment of congestive heart failure

ABSTRACT

Devices for treatment of congestive heart failure include devices insertable over and clamped on all or a selected portion of the exterior of a heart. The devices may be introduced surgically, or under thoracoscopic control around a portion or all of the exterior of the heart.

CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION

[0001] This application is a continuation of pending provisional application, serial No. 60/122,714, filed on Mar. 27, 2000.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

[0002] 1. Field of the Invention

[0003] This invention relates generally to devices and methods of treating heart failure, and more particularly, to an improved device and method of treating congestive heart failure.

[0004] 2. Description of Related Art

[0005] Heart failure caused by enlargement of the heart is a serious condition, which can cause death, if untreated. This condition is characterized by a reduction in cardiac index and ejection fraction. The well known “Batista” procedure aims to treat this condition surgically by removing a portion of the left ventricle wall, and suturing the remainder of this wall, thereby reducing the ventricular volume. This procedure also aims to approximate the mitral valve to prevent leakage of blood during contraction of the heart. However, the “Batista” procedure requires costly surgery, and results in significant mortality and morbidity. It would, therefore, be desirable to develop a treatment for heart failure utilizing a less invasive technique.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

[0006] The present invention provides devices and methods for treatment of heart failure. The basic concept of the present invention involves a clamp, retainer, or staple (made from stainless steel, or the like).

[0007] Various configurations are proposed for the clamp, retainer, or staple. One embodiment consists of a clamp that permanently clamps and holds a portion of a ventricular wall in order to reduce ventricular volume while reducing wall tension within the ventricular wall. Further embodiments consist of devices or staples to contain and restrain all or a portion of the heart in order to reduce wall tension and enhance pumping action.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0008] The objects and features of the present invention, which are believed to be novel, are set forth with particularity in the appended claims. The present invention, both as to its organization and manner of operation, together with further objects and advantages, may best be understood by reference to the following description, taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, wherein like reference numerals are used throughout the several views, and, in which:

[0009]FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a first embodiment of a clamp or retainer device for clamping and holding a portion of a heart wall in order to reduce the size of a ventricular cavity, and to reduce wall tension in a ventricular wall;

[0010]FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a second embodiment comprising an alternate configuration of a device for clamping and holding a portion of a heart wall;

[0011]FIG. 3 is a front elevational view of a third embodiment comprising a device placed over and constraining an entire heart in order to enhance pumping action;

[0012]FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a fourth embodiment comprising a further device that is placed over an entire heart for constraining the heart wall; and

[0013]FIG. 5 is a cross-section of a heart showing one or more staples used to join and hold a portion of a ventricular wall.

DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0014] The following description is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make and use the invention, and sets forth the best modes contemplated by the inventor of carrying out his invention. Various modifications, however, will remain readily apparent to those skilled in the art, since the generic principles of the present invention have been defined herein specifically to provide for improved devices for constraining the heart and an improved method therefor.

[0015]FIG. 1 shows a device 10 comprised of a clamp made from stainless steel, or the like. The device 10 is placed over and constrains a portion of a left ventricle 12 of a heart 14 so as to pinch or constrain the portion of the heart wall held between an open area 16 in the device 10. The device 10 may be of any desired length and include closed or open ends.

[0016]FIG. 2 shows a further device 18 comprised of a clamp having two movable pieces or segments 20, 22, secured together at a spring joint 24. Before this clamp 18 is placed over a portion of the left ventricle 12 of a heart 14, a portion of the inner wall of the left ventricle is secured or stapled together by securing elements or staples 26, 28. The securing elements 26, 28, together with the spring biased arms or pieces constrain the covered portion of the left ventricle. The device 18 is also of any desired length and may include closed or open ends.

[0017]FIG. 3 illustrates a basket or mesh retainer 30 having a plurality of crossing strips 32 placed around and constraining substantially all of the entire outer wall of a heart 14.

[0018]FIG. 4 illustrates a further retainer comprised of a shell 34, preferably made from a metal such as stainless steel, placed around and constraining the heart 14. The shell 34, substantially surrounds and constrains the exterior wall of heart 14.

[0019]FIG. 5 illustrates one or more large staples 35, preferably made from stainless steel, used to join and secure a portion of the ventricular wall of a heart 14. These large staples preferably including means for locking or securing 36 of the ends of the staples together.

[0020] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that various adaptations and modifications of the just-described preferred embodiments can be configured without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention. Therefore, it is to be understood that, within the scope of the appended claims, the invention may be practiced other than as specifically described herein. 

What is claimed is:
 1. A device for treating congestive heart failure, comprising: a retainer placed over and secured to at least a portion of a heart.
 2. The device of claim 1 wherein the retainer is a clamp secured over a left ventricle.
 3. The device of claim 2 wherein the clamp is one piece.
 4. The device of claim 2 wherein the clamp is made of two pieces that are hingedly secured together.
 5. The device of claim 4 , further including a plurality of securing means placed in the left ventricle, under the clamp, to secure walls of the left ventricle together.
 6. The device of claim 1 wherein the retainer covers substantially all of the heart.
 7. The device of claim 6 wherein the retainer is comprised of a plurality of strips of material to form an open basket or mesh.
 8. The device of claim 6 wherein the retainer is comprised of a closed shell placed over and covering substantially all of the heart.
 9. The device of claim 9 wherein the closed shell is made from stainless steel.
 10. The device of claim 1 wherein the retainer is at least one large staple secured through a left ventricle.
 11. A method for treatment of congestive heart failure, comprising: inserting a device on at least a left ventricle of a heart to reduce the size or aid in pumping action of the heart.
 12. The method of claim 11 , further comprising the step of placing a plurality of securing means in the left ventricle to secure walls of the left ventricle together.
 13. The method of claim 11 wherein the device is comprised of a plurality of strips of material to form an open basket or mesh that is placed over substantially the entire outside wall of the heart.
 14. The method of claim 11 wherein the device is comprised of a closed shell placed over and covering substantially the entire outside wall of the heart.
 15. The method of claim 11 wherein the device is at least one large staple secured through the left ventricle.
 16. A device for treating congestive heart failure, comprising: a retainer placed over and secured to at least a left ventricle of a heart to reduce the size or aid in pumping action of the heart.
 17. The device of claim 16 wherein the retainer is a one piece clamp inserted over the left ventricle.
 18. The device of claim 16 wherein the retainer comprises a clamp having two pieces secured together by a hinge, and wherein staples are placed in the left ventricle, under the clamp, to secure interior walls of the left ventricle together.
 19. The device of claim 16 wherein the retainer is comprised of a plurality of strips of material to form an open basket or mesh placed over and covering substantially the entire outside wall of the heart.
 20. The device of claim 16 wherein the retainer is comprised of a closed shell that is placed over and covers and constrains substantially the entire outside wall of the heart. 